The rate of 5-HT biosynthesis is limited by Trp availability, but only in neurons of the hindbrain raphe area predominantly expressing the isoform TPH2 of the enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). These effects are believed to be mediated by the brain serotonergic system, even though all mechanisms involved are not well understood. Numerous studies have shown that elevated dietary Trp has a suppressive effect on aggressive behavior and post-stress plasma cortisol concentrations in vertebrates, including teleosts. The essential amino acid L-tryptophan (Trp) is the precursor of the monoaminergic neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).
4Behavioural Neuroendocrinology Group, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
3Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway.2Centre of Coastal Research, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.1Norwegian Institute of Water Research, Oslo, Norway.Erik Höglund 1,2 Øyvind Øverli 3 Svante Winberg 4 *
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